The Emperor Norton Trust

TO HONOR THE LIFE + ADVANCE THE LEGACY OF JOSHUA ABRAHAM NORTON

RESEARCH • EDUCATION • ADVOCACY

Filtering by Tag: George Frederick Keller

Emperor Norton in the San Francisco Illustrated Wasp

The magazine of satire variously known as The San Francisco Illustrated Wasp, The Illustrated Wasp, or simply The Wasp debuted in August 1876.

For its first seven years, until 1883, the Wasp's chief artist was George Frederick Keller. Emperor Norton featured in a number of Keller's cartoons for the magazine. And it mostly has been in this context that The Emperor Norton Trust has discussed the Wasp — the notable exception being the magazine's obituary of the Emperor, which was accompanied by a lovely front-cover portrait by Keller.

In fact — as one would expect — Emperor Norton was a regular subject for the Wasp's writers and wags. But, this piece of the historical record hasn't made its way into accounts of the Emperor.

To help correct this oversight, we present here a chronological roundup of 15 of the Wasp's best columns, items, quips, and asides mentioning Emperor Norton between 1876 and 1879.  

By and large, the Wasp treated the Emperor as a figure of fun. But, as in the Daily Alta newspaper — another local publication that made a habit of using Emperor Norton as “content” — the Wasp’s apparent ironic detachment from the Emperor often betrays a note of sympathy just under the surface.

Bonus: In the course of our research, we discovered a cartoon we'd never seen — and whose publication here may be the first publication or notice of the cartoon since its original appearance in 1876.

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Emperor Norton Does Art Criticism With a Borrowed Jackknife — And the Crowd Loves It

By 1861 — and for the 18-plus-year remainder of his reign — Emperor Norton was a favorite and enduring subject for San Francisco cartoonists and theater troupes, who found that local audiences enjoyed the good-natured lampooning of their Emperor.

The Emperor himself was less amused — and, there are a couple of oft-cited examples of the Emperor’s expressing his royal displeasure over how he was portrayed in these contexts.

Recently, we uncovered an “episode of displeasure” that is even better documented than the familiar examples.

The occasion was the mounting of an advertisement using Emperor Norton’s image on a construction fence at Montgomery and California Streets. The Emperor borrowed a jackknife; cut out the image of himself; and sliced the image to shreds.

The crowd, as they say, “went wild.”

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Emperor Norton, the Phoenix and the Branding of San Francisco

Photographs of Emperor Norton show that, just as the Emperor had a favorite walking stick, he also had a favorite hat pin — in the shape of a spread-winged bird.

Artists in the Emperor’s day painted and drew him wearing this pin.

It’s not surprising that contemporary San Francisco artists have rendered the bird as a phoenix.

Alas — spoiler alert! — it turns out that Emperor Norton did not wear a phoenix in his hat; the Emperor’s bird was a military American eagle.

But, this particular eagle does trace its heraldic roots to a phoenix — albeit it not a San Francisco one.

The fascinating story of how the phoenix of Scottish heraldry was transformed into the eagle of U.S. government iconography traces through the righteous Scottish cause of Bonnie Prince Charlie, the Continental Army coat buttons of George Washington and the design of the Great Seal of the United States.

One could say that Emperor Norton was wearing an eagle and a phoenix all at once: appropriate for an Emperor of the United States whose Seat was in the cool, grey city of love.

Pull up a chair!

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Emperor Norton & Denis Kearney, Together in 1879 — On the Back Cover of The San Francisco Illustrated Wasp

Emperor Norton and the fear-mongering, violence-inciting demagogue Denis Kearney were on opposite sides of California’s “Chinese question.” But, in December 1879, the two men were depicted together on the back cover of The San Francisco Illustrated Wasp, in a cartoon by George Frederick Keller.

The cartoon spoke volumes about the Emperor’s moral stature.

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Time-Traveling With One of the Earliest Comic Illustrations of Emperor Norton

A wonderful illustration of Emperor Norton featured by the San Francisco Bulletin newspaper in 1913 and the California Review monthly in 1904 got its start as part of a triptych of “Prominent Men of San Francisco” drawn by George Frederick Keller (1846–1927) in c.1874, as the Emperor was reaching the height of his imperial influence and becoming a nationally known figure.

Not long after this, in 1876, Keller came to prominence as the chief artist of the new San Francisco Wasp, a position that briefly would earn him both fame and notoriety as one of the leading political cartoonists of his day.

The full story is in the flip — including high-resolution wonders that The Emperor’s Bridge Campaign is pleased to present online for the first time.

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